What is an Illegal Septic System and How Can It Affect You?

Septic systems have emerged as a popular alternative to traditional sewer systems in rural and suburban areas. They are self-contained, underground wastewater treatment systems commonly used to treat and dispose of household or small community sewage. However, certain standards must be met to ensure a septic system’s proper functioning and safety. Otherwise, it can be considered illegal. So, what is an illegal septic system?

An illegal septic system is a sewage treatment or disposal system that does not meet the necessary standards and regulations set by state and local authorities. This can be due to various reasons, such as improper installation, lack of maintenance, or failure to obtain necessary permits. The potential dangers of illegal septic systems are numerous, ranging from environmental contamination to human and wildlife health hazards.

This article will explore the various aspects of an illegal septic system, including how to identify one, the consequences of having one, and what can be done to rectify the situation.

What is an Illegal Septic System?

An illegal septic system is a wastewater treatment system that local regulatory agencies have not approved. Homeowners or contractors often install these systems without obtaining the necessary permits or following the required guidelines. They typically don’t meet the health and safety standards set by the local health departments and are not subject to regular inspections.

What Makes a Septic System Illegal

Several factors can make a septic system illegal:

1. Failure to Obtain Permits: Installing or repairing a septic system without obtaining the necessary permits from local authorities is illegal. These permits ensure that the system is designed, installed, and maintained correctly to avoid potential hazards.
2. Improper Installation: An illegal septic system may also result from improper installation. This can include incorrect sizing, placement in an unsuitable location, or the use of substandard materials. Being near a water source, too small of a drain field, unsuitable soil type, or inadequate distances from structures are common improper installation issues.
3. Lack of Maintenance or Upgrading: Regular maintenance and proper upgrades are crucial for the functioning of a septic system. Neglecting these tasks can lead to malfunctions, making the system illegal.
4. Failed Inspections: A septic system may also be deemed illegal if it fails an inspection by local authorities. This can happen if the system is not up to code or threatens public health and the environment. For example, leaking sewage can contaminate groundwater and nearby bodies of water.
5. Bypassing or Disabling Components: Some homeowners may try to cut corners by bypassing or disabling key components of their septic system, such as the effluent filter. This is highly dangerous and can result in untreated sewage being released into the environment.

Common Reasons for the Existence of Illegal Septic Systems

The most common reasons for the existence of illegal septic systems are:

• Lack of awareness and education – Many property owners may not be aware of the regulations and standards for septic systems in their area. This can lead to unintentional non-compliance.
• Cost-cutting – Installing a septic system can be expensive, and some homeowners may try to cut corners to save money. This can result in an illegally constructed or maintained system.
• Intentional disregard for the law – Some individuals may intentionally ignore the regulations and install or maintain a septic system without proper permits or following guidelines.

Dangers of an Illegal Septic System

Having an illegal septic system can have serious consequences, including:

• Groundwater/drinking water contamination – Without proper wastewater treatment, harmful bacteria and viruses can leach into groundwater and contaminate nearby wells or drinking water sources. This poses major health risks.
• Pollution of waterways – Illegal systems too close to lakes, ponds, rivers, or other surface water bodies can discharge untreated sewage directly into these waters. This causes water pollution.
• Risk of spread of disease – Septic systems are meant to treat wastewater and remove disease-causing pathogens before they enter the environment. Improper or failed systems allow pathogens like E. coli, hepatitis A, and others to contaminate soil and water.
• Flooding Risk – Systems not meeting setback distances or located in flood-prone areas can overflow during heavy rains, spilling raw sewage onto properties and creating public health hazards.
• Structural issues – Foundation or drainage field issues may arise if an illegal system is too close to structures. Sewage can erode soil, compromise structural integrity, and eventually cause sinkholes. When repairs are needed, it may result in costly damage or even condemnation of a building.
• Air Pollution – Toxic gases like hydrogen sulfide can be released from an overloaded illegal septic system, creating noxious smells that are dangerous at high levels.
• Property Damage – A failing illegal septic system can cause plumbing backups, pool wastewater around homes, and saturate yards, making them unusable. This significantly impacts property values.
• Legal Liabilities – Owners of properties with illegal systems may face hefty fines and be required to fix violations. They also need to disclose issues to potential buyers.
• Neighbor and Community Disputes – Nearby residents understandably worry that an illegal septic system puts their health and environment at risk, leading to tensions.
• Surface Water Pollution – Runoff from a failing illegal septic system can carry untreated sewage into nearby ponds, lakes, rivers, etc. This degrades water quality and harms aquatic life and ecosystems.

What Can Be Done About Illegal Septic Systems?

If you suspect that you have an illegal septic system on your property or in your neighborhood, it is important to take action. Here are some steps you can take:

Here are a few things that can be done about illegal septic systems:

1. Contact your local health department or environmental protection agency. Report your concerns about the illegal system. They have the authority to investigate and require repair or removal if needed.
2. Gather evidence. Take photos of the system from a public location if possible. Note any signs of failure, like surfacing sewage. This will help document the issue for the authorities.
3. Talk to the property owner politely. Explain your concerns and see if they will voluntarily address the system. Provide information on legal requirements and getting a proper inspection/permit.
4. Check property records. See if the system was properly permitted and installed to code when the home was built. Older “grandfathered” systems may still need upgrades.
5. Consult a septic professional. Have them evaluate the system and provide an expert opinion to validate your concerns. Some will report issues directly to authorities.
6. Involve homeowners associations if in a development. HOAs can apply community pressure and take formal action in some cases.
7. As a last resort, report anonymously if concerned about retaliation. Provide facts and let the proper agencies handle the required enforcement/follow-up.

The goal is to properly address the system for health, safety, and environmental protection. Working with authorities and being collaborative is usually the best approach.

A Conclusion On What Is An Ilegal Septic System

An illegal septic system is a septic system that does not comply with local laws and regulations. This can be due to a lack of awareness, cost-cutting, or intentional disregard for the law. It poses serious dangers to public health, environmental pollution, and property damage.

If you suspect an illegal septic system in your area, take action by reporting it to the proper authorities and following the steps outlined above. Let’s work together to ensure that all septic systems are installed and maintained properly for the well-being of our communities.